First-Pass Metabolism of Chlorophylls in Mice

First-pass disposition of (-)-6-aminocarbovir in rats: II. Inhibition of intestinal first-pass metabolism.

A CBV [(-)-carbovir, (-)-carbocyclic 2',3'-didehydro-2', 3'-dideoxyguanosine] prodrug, 6AC [(-)-6-aminocarbovir, (-)-carbocyclic 2',3'-didehydro-2', 3'-dideoxy-6-deoxy-6-aminoguanosine], was previously evaluated in rats, and it exhibited superiority to the parent drug in increasing systemic and central nervous system exposure to CBV. The gut wall was determined to be the dominant site of the fi...

Pharmacokinetics and first-pass metabolism of astaxanthin in rats.

Astaxanthin is a carotenoid with antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. The pharmacokinetics of astaxanthin after its intravenous (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and oral (100 and 200 mg/kg) administration and its first-pass extraction ratios after its intravenous, intraportal or intragastric (20 mg/kg) administration were evaluated in rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of astaxanth...

First-pass splanchnic metabolism of dietary cysteine in weanling pigs.

Cysteine is a semi-indispensable AA in neonates and is synthesized from the indispensable AA, methionine, by transsulfuration. We previously showed that the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a metabolically important site of methionine transsulfuration to cysteine, yet the metabolic fate of dietary cysteine in the GIT has not been established. Cysteine use by gut epithelial cells may play an impo...

First-Pass Metabolism Changes After Long-Term Garlic Supplementation

Non-digestible stachyose promotes bioavailability of genistein through inhibiting intestinal degradation and first-pass metabolism of genistein in mice

This study was designed to explore the molecular mechanism of stachyose in enhancing the gastrointestinal stability and absorption of soybean genistein in mice. Male Kunming mice in each group (n = 8) were administered by intragastric gavage with saline, stachyose (250 mg/kg·bw), genistein (100 mg/kg·bw), and stachyose (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg·bw) together with genistein (100 mg/kg·bw) for 4 con...